Chapter 25 Biochemistry Notes - Class 10 Chemistry Punjab Board

Chapter-wise notes for Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 25, Biochemistry, prepared for Punjab Board students, with solved exercises, MCQs, and numericals available to read online.

This page provides Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 25, Biochemistry, notes for Punjab Board students following the PCTB syllabus for the 2026-2027 session. It includes solved textbook exercises, conceptual MCQs, short and long questions, and reaction equation numericals on the chemistry of nutrition, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), and modern biochemical applications such as diagnostic blood testing, genetic engineering, gene therapy, and cloning, available to read online for Matric Part 2 / SSC Part 2 students.
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Chapter Overview

Chapter 25 of Class 10 Chemistry, Biochemistry, investigates the molecular foundation of life processes and the biochemical substances essential for nutrition. It delivers a comprehensive breakdown of major macronutrients and micronutrients: carbohydrates (monosaccharides like glucose and fructose, disaccharides such as sucrose, and polysaccharides including starch and cellulose), proteins composed of amino acids joined via peptide bonds (-CONH-), lipids (fats and oils as triglycerides and fatty acids), and vital minerals.

The chapter examines the biological functions of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and water-soluble vitamins (B-complex and C) alongside specific deficiency disorders such as scurvy, rickets, and night blindness. It further explores nucleic acids, analyzing the nucleotide components and double-helix structure of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) versus single-stranded RNA (ribonucleic acid) in protein synthesis. Crucially, the chapter highlights cutting-edge medical and biotechnological applications of biochemistry, including clinical blood diagnostic tests, hCG pregnancy testing, biomarker screening for cancer, parental genetic testing, recombinant DNA genetic engineering, viral vector gene therapy, and reproductive and therapeutic cloning.

Biochemistry is an integral component of the Punjab Board Matric Part 2 Chemistry curriculum, frequently tested in conceptual short questions, structure differentiation between DNA and RNA, and descriptive notes on modern biotechnology. These SLO-aligned solved notes for the 2026-2027 academic session provide students across Lahore, Rawalpindi, Faisalabad, Multan, Gujranwala, and all Punjab BISE boards with clear tabular summaries and complete exercise solutions for exam excellence.

FAQs

Are these Chapter 25 Biochemistry notes according to Punjab Board syllabus?
Yes, these notes follow the official Punjab Curriculum and Textbook Board (PCTB) syllabus for Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 25, aligned with Student Learning Outcomes for the 2026-2027 session.
Do these notes include solved exercises?
Yes, all textbook exercise questions from Chapter 25 are thoroughly solved, covering biomolecule classifications, peptide linkage formation, lipid hydrogenation, vitamin functions, and biotechnology.
Are MCQs included in these chapter notes?
Yes, solved multiple-choice questions covering carbohydrate tests, amino acid properties, DNA and RNA nucleotides, vitamin deficiency disorders, and gene therapy concepts are included.
Are numericals included in these notes?
Yes, stoichiometric calorie yield calculations for macronutrients, molar mass determinations of biomolecules, and percentage composition problems from Chapter 25 are solved step by step.
Can students read these chapter notes online?
Yes, students can read Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 25 notes online directly on this page via the integrated document viewer on any device.
Are these notes useful for Punjab Board exams?
Yes, high-yield board exam questions such as differences between DNA and RNA, classification of carbohydrates, protein denaturation, and biochemical medical applications are thoroughly prepared for top marks.
Who should use these chapter notes?
Class 10 Matric Part 2 and SSC Part 2 students across all Punjab Boards (Lahore, Rawalpindi, Faisalabad, Multan, Gujranwala, and others) and chemistry educators.
Are these notes based on the latest PCTB / PECTAA syllabus?
Yes, these notes strictly follow the updated SLO-based PCTB and PECTAA curriculum guidelines for the 2026-2027 academic session.
Are these chapter notes free for students?
Yes, all Chapter 25 Biochemistry notes on MaryamNotes.pk are 100% free to read online for revision and exam preparation.